What are diabetic complications and amputation prevention?
Diabetes can lead to several complications. Many of these complications may increase the risk or amputation, specifically in the lower limbs. Some of the more common complications seen in diabetic patients that increase the risk for amputation are as follows:
Peripheral Neuropathy: Peripheral Neuropathy affects the nerves in the extremities, leading to reduced sensation in the legs and feet. With peripheral neuropathy, injuries to the lower extremities may go unnoticed, causing further infections and ulcers in addition to preventing proper healing.
Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD): Peripheral Arterial Disease is a narrowing or blockage of the blood vessels that span the legs, which reduces blood flow to the feet. This poor circulation can decrease the rate of recovery and healing for a patient, while simultaneously increasing the risk for infection.
Foot Ulcers: High blood sugar levels found in diabetic patients can severely damage the nerves and blood vessels in the feet, which makes them more prone to injury and infection over time. In addition, foot ulcers that are not allowed to heal properly can turn into a serious complication resulting in amputation.
How can you prevent diabetic complications and amputation?
There are a few preventative measures you can take to lower your risk of amputation as someone suffering from diabetes.
- Always strive to maintain a good blood sugar level to help prevent nerve damage and promote wound healing.
- Practice proper, routine foot care, including a daily inspection of your feet.
- Be sure to keep your feet clean and dry and wear comfortable shoes that fit well.
- Manage any other risk factors you may have, such as high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and smoking. All these additional risk factors can worsen potential complications from diabetes.
- Promptly seek medical attention for any foot injuries, potential infections, or ulcers to prevent these from worsening over time.
Lastly, it’s best practice to participate in regular foot exams by a healthcare provider, manage your diabetes properly, and seek early intervention for any foot issues that may arise. These steps are crucial in reducing your risk of amputation.