What Are Hammertoes?
A hammertoe is a problem in which a toe or toes become bent or curled downward on the middle joint instead of pointing straight.
Causes of Hammertoes
A hammertoe is typically caused by wearing ill-fitting shoes, injuries to your foot or toes, a muscle imbalance, or certain medical conditions such as diabetes or arthritis. Women are more likely to develop hammertoes than men.
Symptoms of Hammertoes
Symptoms include an obvious bend in your toe or toes, mobility problems and stiffness in your toes, redness, and swelling, and pain from restricting shoes. Hammertoes can also result in corns or calluses developing on the toe which can be painful.
Diagnosing Hammertoes
Similar to other common foot conditions, a physician can diagnose a hammertoe spur through physical examination, understanding your medical history and the symptoms you’re experiencing, and/or imaging. They can also perform range of motion testing that will help them assess the flexibility and mobility of your toes. In some cases, imaging is used to diagnose a hammertoe. X-rays, which can reveal any inconsistencies or abnormalities within the bones of your foot, may be used to see if any underlying foot issues are contributing to the hammertoe.
Treatment for Hammertoes
Prevention is as important – if not more important – than treatment options. Properly fitting footwear can limit the chances for hammertoes to develop. You should see a doctor if your hammertoe gives you continual pain and your ability to walk normally or wear properly fitting shoes is impacted. Once diagnosed with a hammertoe(s), your doctor may prescribe orthotics and insoles and exercises to strengthen your toe muscles. In some rare cases, surgery may be recommended to correct the issue.