What are hand tumors?
A hand tumor, sometimes referred to as a “mass”, does not always mean it is malignant or cancerous. A lump or bump in your hand is considered a tumor, regardless of what causes it. Because there are so many tissues in the hand, there are many types of tumors that can occur, like a mole or wart. The major types of hand tumors include:
- Ganglion cysts -- the most common type of wrist and hand tumors. Ganglion cysts are seen frequently in the wrist but can occur at the base of the fingers. These cysts are filled with fluid and will feel firm to the touch.
- Giant cell tumor of the tendon sheath -- solid tumors that are benign and slow growing. Epidermal inclusion cysts form under the skin where there may have been a cut or puncture and is soft to the touch.
- Epidermal inclusion cyst – filled with a soft, waxy material called keratin.
There are other less common types of hand tumors, such as lipomas, neuromas, fibromas, sarcomas and osteomas that are typically treated by a dermatologist.
What are symptoms of hand tumors?
Most hand tumors present as visible lumps on the hand. The symptoms of hand tumors will vary depending on the location, size and type. Some of the most common symptoms include:
- Pain in the affected area that worsens with movement.
- Hard or soft swelling that appears suddenly or gradually.
- Loss of joint flexibility besides numbness or tingling in the hand.
What are treatment options for hand tumors?
Your provider will review your medical history and perform a physical examination. A needle or incisional biopsy may be needed, where a small sample of the tumor is taken out to be sent for further testing. Diagnostic images, like X-ray or MRI maybe needed, depending on the condition.
After an evaluation by your hand surgeon, your surgeon will recommend an appropriate course of treatment. Not all tumors will require surgery. Your provider may recommend nonsurgical treatment, such as anti-inflammatory medication or use of a splint. If these treatment methods do not show improvement, surgery may be recommended.
Most often, treatment with the lowest recurrence rate will include surgically removing the tumor. Removing the tumor will allow the pathologist to determine what kind of tumor it is with certainty. Surgery can frequently be done on an outpatient basis and may not require an anesthetic.
Some patients may make the decision to forego surgery if the tumor is benign. If you choose not to have surgery, your hand surgeon will make you aware of the risks, benefits, and consequences to assist you in making the best decision regarding your treatment plan.
What are risk factors of hand tumors?
If left untreated, hand tumors can lead to complications, such as:
- Limited mobility in the affected hand.
- Difficulty closing the affected hand.
- Damage to fingers and nerves.