What is a thumb basal joint trapeziectomy?
The trapezium is the cube-shaped bone in your wrist that is joined to the base of your thumb. This bone plays a role in the stability and the movement of the thumb. During a Trapeziectomy, the trapezium is removed to treat the symptoms of thumb arthritis. Osteoarthritis is the most common form of arthritis associated with aging-related wearing away of the joints.
Who needs a thumb basal joint trapeziectomy?
People who are experiencing pain at the base of their thumb that becomes worse with movement or activity are most likely to need a Trapeziectomy. If left untreated, the pain may be felt even during inactivity and result in chronic pain or deformity of the thumb. Other indications for a Trapeziectomy can include:
- Tenderness, swelling and stiffness at the base of the thumb.
- A crooked thumb with limited range of motion.
- Difficulty gripping or grasping objects or in pinching.
- A “crunchy” sound at the base of the thumb.
The goal of this surgery is to improve the function of the thumb with little to no pain afterwards. It should also improve your grip, grasp and pinch strength, and increase the mobility and flexibility of your thumb.
What should I expect during a thumb basal joint trapeziectomy?
A trapeziectomy is commonly performed when thumb arthritis does not improve with less-invasive treatments. First, your provider may recommend any of the following:
- Anti-inflammatory drugs
- Cortisone injections
- Brace or splint
- Physical or occupational therapy
If these treatments do not improve the pain, surgery may be recommended. During the Trapeziectomy, the trapezium bone is removed, and the space is filled with a tendon graft or a silicone implant. Due to the high mobility of the thumb, it lacks the stability to withstand repetitive stress and wears down easily over time. When this occurs, the cartilage between the thumb joint and metacarpal bones will break down and thin, causing pain, stiffness and swelling.
A Trapeziectomy has a high success rate. It may take several weeks to several months before you are able to regain full use of your thumb and hand. It is important to follow your providers instructions for proper aftercare of your hand after surgery.
What are risks of a thumb basal joint trapeziectomy?
Most people recover well after a trapeziectomy, but there are certain risks associated with the surgery, such as:
- Bleeding
- Infection
- Blood clots
- Hand scarring
- Nerve damage
- Continuing symptoms
Speak with your provider to fully understand the benefits and risks of having this surgery to determine if it is the best treatment option for you.