What are pectoralis major tendon tears?
Pectoralis major tendon tears are injuries that involve the tearing or rupture of the tendon that attaches the pectoralis major muscle to the upper arm bone (humerus). The pectoralis major muscle is the large muscle in the chest responsible for various arm movements, such as adduction (bringing the arm toward the body) and internal rotation of the arm.
Pectoralis major tendon tears typically occur during activities that involve forceful pushing or pulling movements, such as weightlifting, bench pressing, or contact sports. These injuries are more common in males, particularly those who engage in activities that place significant stress on the pectoralis major muscle.
There are two main types of pectoralis major tendon tears:
- Partial tears: In a partial tear, the tendon is partially torn but not completely severed. It may cause pain, weakness, and limited range of motion in the shoulder and chest area.
- Complete tears: In a complete tear, the tendon is completely ruptured or detached from the bone. This results in severe pain, significant loss of strength, and a noticeable deformity in the chest area, often described as a "popping" or "snapping" sensation at the time of injury.
What are symptoms of a pectoralis major tendon tear?
Common symptoms of pectoralis major tendon tears may include:
- Sudden, sharp pain in the chest or shoulder area at the time of injury.
- Swelling, bruising, or discoloration around the chest or shoulder.
- Weakness or difficulty with arm movements, particularly when trying to push or lift heavy objects.
- Limited range of motion in the shoulder, especially with adduction and internal rotation.
- A visible deformity or bulge in the chest area, particularly in complete tears.
- Pectoralis major tendon tears usually require medical evaluation and treatment, which may include:
How is a pectoralis major tendon tear treated?
Partial tears or tears that do not significantly impact daily activities or shoulder function may be managed non-surgically. Treatment may involve rest, pain management, physical therapy exercises to improve strength and range of motion, and modified activity to allow for healing.
Complete tears or tears that significantly affect shoulder function or in individuals with high physical demands may require surgical repair. Surgery typically involves reattaching the tendon to the bone using sutures or anchors. Post-surgical rehabilitation and physical therapy are essential for regaining strength and range of motion.
The treatment approach depends on several factors, including the severity of the tear, the patient's age and activity level, and the goals and preferences of the individual. It is important to consult with a healthcare professional, such as an orthopedic specialist, for an accurate diagnosis and personalized treatment plan for a pectoralis major tendon tear.
Ask your primary care doctor for a referral to an orthopaedic surgeon or schedule an appointment.