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Facet Joint Blocks

 

What Is a Facet Joint Block?

A facet joint block is a minimally invasive procedure in which a physician injects a medication into a facet joint to provide pain relief. Facet blocks are administered in the facet joints between the vertebra in the neck, chest and back to relieve pain due to injury or arthritis.

Facet joints are located in pairs on the side of each vertebra in the neck and back and allow for motion and provide support and stability in the spine.

Causes for a Facet Joint Block

A facet joint block is typically performed to:

  • Reduce inflammation.
  • Provide long-term pain relief.
  • Help patients tolerate physical therapy or other forms of treatment.
  • Help determine the cause of back or neck pain.

How Does a Facet Joint Block Work?

Prior to your procedure, tell your provider about the medications you are taking, including blood-thinning medications and over-the-counter medications. Talk to your provider about any recent illness or other medical conditions. Do not eat or drink anything for a few hours before your procedure. Inform your provider if you are pregnant or have a possibility of being pregnant.

In the facet joint block, your provider will use a fluoroscopy to guide the needle through the skin into the facet joint. Contrast material is then injected into the joint and an X-ray is used to confirm an accurate location. Then, anesthesia and anti-inflammatory medication are injected into the facet joint. The procedure is usually completed in 30 minutes or less.

What to Expect After a Facet Joint Block

It is normal to feel sore at the site of injection for a few days. Applying an ice pack and taking medication may help with swelling and pain. You should avoid strenuous activities and driving for at least 24 hours. As the numbing medication wears off, you may feel a slight increase in pain until the medication takes effect. As the medication kicks in, you may experience certain side effects, including:

  • Feeling of warmth for several days.
  • Fluid retention, weight gain or increased appetite.
  • Elevated blood pressure.
  • Mood swings, irritability, anxiety or insomnia.

Risks of a Facet Joint Block

As with any procedure, a facet joint block has risks associated with it. These can include:

  • Infection
  • Allergic reaction to contrast dye, steroid or anesthetic.
  • Bleeding
  • Nerve or spinal cord damage.