What is esophageal cancer?
Esophageal cancer is a specific type of cancer that occurs in the esophagus, otherwise known as the tube which connects the throat to the stomach. Esophageal cancer is made up of two distinct types of the disease: squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma.
What causes esophageal cancer?
This cancer is more common in women and usually affects those over the age of 55, however there is no direct correlation in a known cause. Risk factors that may increase one’s likelihood of developing esophageal cancer include smoking, alcohol consumption, obesity, and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).
What are symptoms of esophageal cancer?
Symptoms of esophageal cancer can include:
- Difficulty swallowing
- Chest pain
- Weight loss
- Indigestion
How is esophageal cancer diagnosed?
If your doctor suspects esophageal cancer, they will confirm this diagnosis using one of the following procedures:
- Barium swallow study
- Endoscopy
- Tissue biopsy
Once esophageal cancer is confirmed, additional testing may be needed to determine the extent of the cancer and if it’s spread elsewhere in the body. These tests may include:
- Bronchoscopy
- Endoscopic Ultrasound (EUS)
- Computerized tomography (CT)
- Positron emission tomography (PET)
These tests will help your doctor assign a stage to your cancer.
What are the treatment options for esophageal cancer?
Treatment for esophageal cancer may include surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or a combination of these treatments. Early detection is key and can improve the chances of a successful treatment and recovery. Speak with your trusted healthcare provider for an accurate diagnosis and treatment options if you suspect you may have esophageal cancer.