What is HPV?
HPV stands for Human papillomavirus and is a sexually transmitted infection (STI) that is so common that nearly all sexually active men and women will get it at some point in their lives. Most of the time, the body clears HPV on its own. There are more than 100 types of HPV, but only a few of them cause health problems.
The HPV types that can cause cancer are called high-risk HPV. The HPV types that can cause genital warts are called low-risk HPV.
How is HPV spread?
HPV is spread through skin-to-skin contact during vaginal, anal, or oral sex. You can get HPV even if your partner has no symptoms.
What are the symptoms of HPV?
Most people with HPV do not have any symptoms. However, some people may develop genital warts or cancer.
- Genital warts - Genital warts are small, raised bumps that can appear on the genitals, anus, or groin. They can be single or clustered. Genital warts are not harmful, but they can be itchy and uncomfortable.
- Cancer - HPV can cause cancer of the cervix, vagina, vulva, penis, anus, and throat. These cancers usually take years to develop after a person is infected with HPV.
How can I protect myself from HPV?
The best way to protect yourself from HPV is to get the HPV vaccine. The HPV vaccine is safe and effective, and it can protect you from the HPV types that cause most cases of genital warts and cancer.
The HPV vaccine is recommended for all boys and girls ages 11-12. It can also be given to boys and girls through age 26 who have not been vaccinated.
In addition to getting the HPV vaccine, you can also protect yourself from HPV by:
- Using condoms during vaginal, anal, and oral sex
- Getting regular Pap tests and pelvic exams
What should I do if I think I have HPV?
If you think you have HPV, such as if you have genital warts or have been exposed to someone with HPV, it is important to see your doctor. Your doctor can test you for HPV and recommend the best course of treatment.
There is no cure for HPV, but there are treatments for the health problems that it can cause.
If you have any questions or concerns about HPV, please talk to your doctor.