What is fecal incontinence?
Fecal incontinence is defined as the loss of your normal control of the bowels leading to leakage of stool. This can also be defined as leakage of stool and gas together.
Many women find it extremely difficult to discuss fecal incontinence with their health care team due to the stigma around bowel issues, as well as their embarrassment and frustration. Your health care team understands how vulnerable a conversation like this is and can be a great support in finding the cause of your symptoms as well as what treatment options are available for you. Fecal incontinence is much more common than most people realize.
What causes fecal incontinence?
There can be a variety of reasons why fecal incontinence occurs. Common causes include:
- Diet
- Muscles and/or nerves of the rectum and/or anus
- Uncontrolled diabetes
- Hemorrhoids
- Rectal prolapse
- Irritable bowel syndrome
- Severe constipation
- History of radiation therapy to the pelvis
- Certain medications and/or supplements
- Trauma to the anal sphincters with vaginal delivery
- Weakness of the pelvic floor due to disorders or due to age
How is fecal incontinence diagnosed?
Information gathered at your appointment will include a detailed medical history, surgical history, family history, symptom history, diet, and medications/supplements.
You will be asked to complete a 3-day bowel diary prior to your appointment. This helps the provider see what is occurring and if there are any patterns. At your appointment, there will be an examination. The provider will look for abnormalities in the anal and/or pelvic area that could be causing your symptoms.
Your provider may refer you to Gastroenterology or Colorectal if they feel it is indicated. Medical imaging may be obtained and varies per patient.
It is necessary to obtain all information the provider deems necessary to see the whole picture and make sure nothing is overlooked to find the right treatment option for you.
What are treatment options for fecal incontinence?
Non-invasive treatment options for treating fecal incontinence may include:
- Dietary changes
- Timed bowel movements
- Anal skincare
- Pelvic floor physical therapy
- Medications
- Sacral nerve stimulation
Surgery may also be a treatment option. It is important for individuals experiencing fecal incontinence to speak with a healthcare provider to determine the underlying cause and develop a treatment plan that is best suited to their needs.