What is GIO?
A glucocorticoid is a form of a corticosteroid that assists with anti-inflammation and autoimmune diseases. For patients who take a glucocorticoid, it is possible that it could induce osteoporosis which is the weakening of the bones. Common forms of glucocorticoids include cortisone, prednisone and hydrocortisone.
What are symptoms of GIO?
The number one symptom of GIO is weakened bones or loss of bone. With weakened bones comes an increased risk of bone fractures. While everyone who takes a glucocorticoid is at risk of osteoporosis, men and women over 50 or have a family history of osteoporosis have a increased risk. Additional factors to take into consideration include:
- Smoking
- 3-5 alcoholic drinks per day
- Low vitamin D levels
- Low calcium levels
How is GIO diagnosed?
When diagnosing GIO, your Rheumatologist will likely start by reviewing your health history as well as your family health history. A bone mineral density test (DXA scan) may be required to provide a complete diagnosis. The DXA scan will measure the strength of your bones. If additional testing is required, an X-ray or MRI may be ordered.
What are treatment options for GIO?
The best way to counteract GIO is to make sure you are also taking action to strengthen your bones. It will be crucial to supplement adequate vitamin D and calcium each day. Additional actions you can take include weight-bearing exercises, limit drinking and quit smoking. If needed, your doctor may prescribe medication to also help with the regrowth of new bone.