What is lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS)?
Lobular Carcinoma In Situ (LCIS) is a non-invasive condition characterized by abnormal growth of cells in the milk-producing glands (lobules) of the breast. Unlike invasive breast cancer, LCIS does not spread beyond the lobules and is not considered a cancerous tumor. However, LCIS is associated with an increased risk of developing invasive breast cancer in the future.
What are the symptoms of LCIS?
LCIS typically does not cause symptoms on its own and is often detected incidentally during breast imaging studies or breast biopsies performed for other reasons. In some cases, symptoms may include:
- Breast Lump: A palpable lump or thickening in the breast tissue, although this is less common with LCIS than with invasive breast cancer.
- Changes in Breast Appearance: Changes in the size, shape, or texture of the breast, including dimpling, puckering, or redness of the skin.
What are the causes of LCIS?
The exact cause of LCIS is not fully understood, but it is believed to result from genetic mutations and cellular changes within the lobules of the breast. Factors that may increase the risk of LCIS include:
- Hormonal Factors: Hormonal influences, such as estrogen and progesterone, may play a role in the development of LCIS. Women with higher levels of estrogen are at increased risk.
- Age: The risk of LCIS increases with age, particularly in women over the age of 40.
- Family History: A personal or family history of breast cancer, particularly LCIS or invasive breast cancer, may elevate the risk of developing the disease.
What are the treatments options for LCIS?
At The Iowa Clinic, our experienced team of healthcare professionals works collaboratively to develop personalized treatment plans for individuals diagnosed with LCIS. Treatment options may include:
- Close Monitoring: In many cases, especially if LCIS is small and asymptomatic, close monitoring through regular clinical breast exams and imaging studies may be recommended to ensure stability and rule out any underlying concerns.
- Medication: Some women at high risk for developing invasive breast cancer may be prescribed medication, such as selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) or aromatase inhibitors, to reduce the risk of future breast cancer development.
- Risk-Reducing Surgery: In some cases, women with LCIS may choose to undergo risk-reducing surgery, such as bilateral prophylactic mastectomy, to reduce their risk of developing invasive breast cancer.
What are risk factors for LCIS?
While LCIS itself is not considered a cancerous tumor, it is associated with an increased risk of developing invasive breast cancer in the future. It is essential to seek regular monitoring and follow-up care to detect any changes or signs of progression to invasive disease.