What is an incisional hernia?
An incisional hernia occurs when tissue, such as part of the intestine or abdominal fat, protrudes through a weakened or stretched area of the abdominal wall at the site of a previous surgical incision.
What are the symptoms of an incisional hernia?
- Visible Bulge: The most noticeable symptom of an incisional hernia is a visible bulge or swelling near a previous surgical scar. This bulge may become more prominent when standing, coughing, or straining.
- Discomfort, tenderness or aching in the area of the bulge, particularly when touching it or doing activities such as lifting heavy objects.
- Nausea, vomiting, or constipation, especially if the protruding tissue becomes trapped or twisted (incarcerated or strangulated hernia).
How do you treat an incisional hernia?
For small, asymptomatic incisional hernias, your doctor may recommend a watchful waiting approach and monitor the hernia regularly for any changes.
Hernia belt or binder may help manage symptoms and provide temporary relief, particularly for individuals who are not surgical candidates.
Surgery is often recommended when symptomatic or enlarged. During surgery, the protruding tissue is repositioned, and the weakened abdominal wall is reinforced with stitches or a synthetic mesh.
What are the risks and causes of incisional hernias?
Several factors can contribute to the development of incisional hernias, including:
- Previous surgical incisions that did not heal properly or were under significant tension.
- Increased intra-abdominal pressure, such as obesity or pregnancy.
- Advanced age, as well as certain medical conditions such as diabetes or connective tissue disorders, may increase the risk of developing incisional hernias.
While incisional hernias can cause discomfort and interfere with daily activities, prompt medical attention and appropriate treatment can help manage the condition effectively.